1. Topic, length, format, date, location or basic details

2. Who, what, where, when, why or basic questions

3. Purpose, audience, constraints, takeaway message, and resources ✓

4. Introduction, body, conclusion, questions, summary or structure

1. Always to persuade or constant persuasion

2. Just to fill time or use duration

3. Inform, persuade, entertain, inspire, or demonstrate ✓

4. Only to inform or information only

1. Make the presentation longer or extend duration

2. Use more technical jargon or specialized terms

3. Avoid preparing thoroughly or minimal preparation

4. Choose appropriate content, examples, and language ✓

1. Hook, content, questions or attention elements

2. Title, slides, summary or visual components

3. Beginning, middle, end or basic structure

4. Introduction, body, conclusion ✓

1. Reading your first slide word-for-word or verbatim reading

2. A startling fact, relevant story, or provocative question ✓

3. Apologizing for being nervous or expressing anxiety

4. Starting with 'um, hi, so...' or hesitant beginning

1. Go into detailed content or extensive information

2. Apologize for any problems or express regret

3. Grab attention, establish relevance, state main point, and preview structure ✓

4. Only state your name or basic introduction

1. Always have three speakers or multiple presenters

2. Speak three times as loud or extreme volume

3. Presentations should be three minutes or fixed duration

4. People remember information best in groups of three ✓

1. Comparing two things or contrast analysis

2. Historical events, processes, or narratives ✓

3. Persuading someone or convincing others

4. Any topic equally or universal application

1. Descriptive presentations or explanatory content

2. Historical topics or past events

3. Entertainment speeches or humorous content

4. Persuasive presentations advocating change ✓

1. Connect ideas and help audience follow your logic ✓

2. Confuse the audience or create misunderstanding

3. Make presentations longer or extend duration

4. Replace main content or substitute information

1. Avoiding preparation or no planning

2. Starting your presentation or introduction

3. Ending your presentation or conclusion

4. Helping audience remember where you are in longer presentations ✓

1. Just say 'Thank you' and stop or brief ending

2. Introduce new information or additional content

3. Summarize key points, restate thesis, and leave lasting impression ✓

4. Apologize for any mistakes or express regret

1. Summarize main points or recap key ideas

2. End with a strong statement or powerful closing

3. Call audience to action or encourage response

4. Introduce new major information ✓

1. You're giving a very short talk or brief presentation

2. You want minimal preparation or less planning

3. You're an expert on the topic or knowledgeable

4. You're still developing ideas and want detail ✓

1. Not be used—memorize everything or complete memorization

2. Be written in tiny font or small text

3. Include key words and phrases to trigger memory ✓

4. Have every word you'll say or verbatim script

1. Just writing notes and presenting or minimal preparation

2. Only practicing once or single rehearsal

3. Doing everything the night before or last-minute work

4. Research, outline, materials creation, multiple practices, and revisions ✓

1. Over 20 times or excessive practice

2. Never practice—just wing it or no rehearsal

3. 5-7 times ✓

4. Once is enough or single practice

1. Skip the conclusion or omit ending

2. Cut material ruthlessly, keeping only what supports your main message ✓

3. Go over time or exceed limit

4. Speak much faster or increase speed

1. 6 slides with 6 minutes each or duration

2. 6 questions in 6 minutes or time limit

3. 6 people in groups of 6 or group size

4. Maximum 6 bullet points with 6 words each ✓

1. Facts, statistics, expert quotes, research, and examples ✓

2. Only your opinions or personal views

3. Just what you think or personal beliefs

4. Whatever sounds good or appealing content

1. Completely improvised or spontaneous

2. The least important parts or minor elements

3. Left to chance or unplanned

4. Practiced and potentially memorized ✓

1. Is vague and general or unclear

2. Clearly states your main message or argument ✓

3. Changes throughout your speech or variable

4. Is never stated explicitly or implicit only

1. 'For example' and 'such as' or illustration transitions

2. 'Therefore' and 'consequently' or cause-effect transitions

3. 'First, second, third' or 'to begin, next, finally' ✓

4. 'However' and 'in contrast' or contrast transitions

1. Hope it works out or rely on luck

2. Identify and cut less essential material ✓

3. Speak much faster during actual presentation or increase speed

4. Skip your conclusion or omit ending

1. Memorizing word-for-word or exact memorization

2. Making perfect slides or ideal visuals

3. Thoroughly knowing your content and purpose ✓

4. Worrying about mistakes or anxiety about errors

1. Listening happens automatically or without effort

2. Hearing is better than listening or superior

3. Hearing is passive; listening is active and intentional ✓

4. They're the same thing or identical

1. 50-100 words per minute or slower processing

2. 400-800 words per minute ✓

3. Exactly 200 words per minute or fixed rate

4. The same speed they speak or identical pace

1. Visual, auditory, and kinesthetic or learning styles

2. Easy, medium, and hard listening or difficulty levels

3. Speaking, hearing, and responding or communication steps

4. Hearing, listening, and active listening ✓

1. Just hearing the words or basic sound reception

2. Full attention, understanding content and emotion, and providing feedback ✓

3. Planning your response or formulating answers

4. Waiting for your turn to speak or preparing to talk

1. Respond, Analyze, Support, Act or response steps

2. Remember, Assess, Share, Adapt or memory process

3. Read, Answer, Speak, Agree or reading steps

4. Receive, Appreciate, Summarize, Ask ✓

1. Changing the subject or shifting topic

2. Agreeing with everything or complete acceptance

3. Repeating exactly what they said or verbatim repetition

4. Restating what you heard in your own words ✓

1. Your own experiences or personal stories

2. Finding solutions immediately or quick fixes

3. Only the factual information or objective data

4. Understanding feelings and perspectives, not just facts ✓

1. Empathy is understanding their feelings; sympathy is feeling sorry for them ✓

2. Sympathy is better than empathy or superior

3. They're exactly the same or identical

4. Empathy means agreeing with them or same opinion

1. Asking for confirmation or seeking validation

2. Confirming facts carefully or verifying information

3. Having strong opinions or firm beliefs

4. Only hearing information that confirms what you already believe ✓

1. Listening to echoes or sound reflections

2. A room with good acoustics or sound quality

3. An environment where you only hear views you agree with ✓

4. A type of microphone or audio equipment

1. Both content and emotions ✓

2. Only feelings or emotions alone

3. Only facts or objective information

4. Neither—just staying silent or no response

1. Asking questions or seeking clarification

2. Maintaining eye contact or visual connection

3. Taking notes or writing information

4. Planning your response while the other person talks ✓

1. Immediately telling them what to do or quick advice

2. Understanding their feelings without immediately offering solutions ✓

3. Minimizing their concerns or downplaying issues

4. Sharing your own similar problems or personal stories

1. Challenge the speaker or confront them

2. Show you weren't listening or demonstrate inattention

3. Change the topic or shift subject

4. Ensure you understand correctly ✓

1. Reading sideways or horizontal scanning

2. Reading only headlines or titles

3. Reading slowly or careful pace

4. Opening new tabs to verify information before fully engaging ✓

1. Looking at their phone or checking device

2. Planning their response or preparing answers

3. Nodding, making eye contact, and verbal acknowledgments ✓

4. Interrupting frequently or constant interruptions

1. You're empathizing with emotions or understanding feelings

2. You're evaluating an argument or analyzing claims

3. You're appreciating music or enjoying audio

4. You want to understand and retain information ✓

1. Ignoring the message or dismissing content

2. Criticizing the speaker or attacking person

3. Just accepting everything or passive acceptance

4. Evaluating and analyzing what you hear ✓

1. 'That sounds really difficult. How are you feeling?' ✓

2. 'That's not that bad' or minimizing response

3. 'You should just...' or unsolicited advice

4. 'Wait till you hear about my problem' or redirecting focus

1. Understanding their perspective, not winning ✓

2. Finding weaknesses to attack or identifying flaws

3. Waiting to prove them wrong or preparing counterarguments

4. Ignoring what they say or dismissing content

1. Prejudging the speaker or premature judgment

2. Your own emotions or personal feelings

3. Planning your response or preparing answers

4. Background noise or distractions ✓

1. Neither fact nor opinion or neither category

2. Both fact and opinion or combination

3. Opinion—'terrible' is subjective ✓

4. Fact—anyone can see the weather or observable

1. Changing the subject quickly or rapid topic shift

2. Never asking questions or no inquiries

3. Sharing only your experiences or personal stories

4. Asking follow-up questions based on what was said ✓

1. It's exactly the same as in-person or identical

2. Technology does the listening for you or automated processing

3. Harder to read non-verbal cues and more distractions available ✓

4. It's always easier or consistently simpler

1. Thinking about other things or mental distraction

2. Giving full attention without planning your response ✓

3. Always agreeing or complete acceptance

4. Never asking questions or no inquiries

1. About 25% or one quarter

2. Up to 93% ✓

3. Exactly 50% or half

4. Around 10% or one tenth

1. Words, tone, volume, speed, pitch or vocal elements

2. Introduction, body, conclusion, questions, answers or presentation parts

3. Speaker, listener, room, time, topic or basic components

4. Sender, message, medium, receiver, feedback ✓

1. More intelligent or smarter

2. Nervous or hard to follow ✓

3. More prepared or better organized

4. More confident or self-assured

1. Transitional phrases or connecting words

2. Important examples or key illustrations

3. Pauses between sentences or brief silences

4. Sounds like 'um,' 'uh,' or words like 'like' used unnecessarily ✓

1. Memorize everything word-for-word or exact memorization

2. Pause instead of filling silence ✓

3. Avoid pausing completely or no silence

4. Speak faster or increase speed

1. Standing tall with shoulders back and weight balanced ✓

2. Slouching to seem relaxed or casual posture

3. Swaying back and forth or constant movement

4. Leaning heavily on one leg or uneven weight

1. Wild and distracting or excessive movement

2. Natural and purposeful, reinforcing your message ✓

3. Kept completely still at your sides or no movement

4. Constant and repetitive or continuous motion

1. Make brief eye contact with different individuals (2-3 seconds each) ✓

2. Look only at your notes or focus on materials

3. Avoid looking at anyone or no eye contact

4. Stare at one person the entire time or fixed gaze

1. Always be smiling or constant happiness

2. Match your message and show appropriate emotion ✓

3. Always be neutral or no expression

4. Be ignored—they don't matter or irrelevant

1. When verbal and non-verbal messages align ✓

2. When everyone agrees with you or consensus

3. When you speak clearly or articulate speech

4. When you use gestures or hand movements

1. End immediately or stop presentation

2. Continue exactly as planned or no changes

3. Adjust your energy, ask a question, or add interaction ✓

4. Speak more quietly or lower volume

1. Show you don't know what to say or uncertainty

2. Create emphasis and give audience time to process ✓

3. Make your speech longer or extend duration

4. Fill awkward silence or eliminate quiet moments

1. Make you taller or increase height

2. Reduce stress hormones and increase confidence ✓

3. Prevent all nervousness or eliminate anxiety

4. Impress your audience or create admiration

1. Drinking cold water or hydration

2. Humming, tongue twisters, and volume scales ✓

3. Complete silence or no vocal preparation

4. Shouting loudly or extreme volume

1. Sounds boring and suggests lack of interest ✓

2. Is recommended for all speeches or universal advice

3. Helps audience focus or improves attention

4. Shows professionalism or formal quality

1. Behind a podium always or constant lectern use

2. Facing the audience without barriers ✓

3. With your back to the audience or turned away

4. Sitting down or seated position

1. Acknowledge it briefly and move on ✓

2. Stop and start over completely or restart entirely

3. Pretend it didn't happen and get flustered or ignore error

4. Apologize repeatedly or constant apologies

1. When you answer questions or Q&A session

2. After you finish speaking or conclusion

3. About 7 seconds ✓

4. The first minute or initial 60 seconds

1. Only Western cultures value eye contact or limited appreciation

2. Norms vary—sustained eye contact can be disrespectful in some cultures ✓

3. Eye contact is always appropriate or universally acceptable

4. You should never make eye contact or always avoid

1. Touching hair, clicking pens, swaying ✓

2. Making eye contact or visual connection

3. Purposeful gestures or intentional movements

4. Standing still or stable posture

1. All data and content you create online ✓

2. Only your social media posts or online updates

3. Nothing—it's not real or doesn't exist

4. Only information you intentionally share or deliberate content

1. Emphasize key points and maintain interest ✓

2. Confuse the audience or create misunderstanding

3. Fill time or use duration

4. Show off your vocal range or demonstrate ability

1. Be as casual as with friends or informal style

2. Speak in monotone or flat voice

3. Use more controlled gestures and professional posture ✓

4. Avoid all gestures or no movement

1. Confidence or self-assurance

2. Defensiveness or being closed off ✓

3. Professionalism or formal quality

4. Engagement or active participation

1. Worrying about mistakes or anxiety about errors

2. Knowing your content and purpose ✓

3. Memorizing every word or exact memorization

4. Avoiding practice or no rehearsal

1. Only think about likes or popularity metrics

2. Never share anything or no distribution

3. Just post whatever you want or unrestricted posting

4. Consider accuracy, impact on others, and your purpose ✓

1. Get more likes or increase popularity

2. Be funny only or humorous content

3. Doesn't matter or irrelevant

4. Provide context, credit, and accurate information ✓

1. Is required ethically and legally ✓

2. Is optional or voluntary

3. Is only for professionals or experts

4. Isn't necessary online or not required

1. Only for books or printed materials

2. Optional to follow or voluntary compliance

3. Doesn't apply online or no digital protection

4. Legal protection for creative works ✓

1. Stealing others' work or unauthorized copying

2. Using anything for free or no-cost usage

3. Limited use of copyrighted work for education, commentary, or criticism ✓

4. Ignoring copyright completely or no respect

1. Assume it's fine or acceptable

2. Get their permission, especially for children ✓

3. Share without thinking or no consideration

4. Never ask permission or no consent

1. Assuming you're always right or infallible

2. Not necessary for opinions or viewpoints

3. Verifying information is accurate before sharing ✓

4. Only checking sometimes or occasional verification

1. Accurate, informative titles or truthful headlines

2. Good journalism practice or professional standard

3. Misleading headlines designed to get clicks ✓

4. A type of link or hyperlink format

1. Using humor or comedic content

2. Expressing opinions or viewpoints

3. Misleading information, harm to others, plagiarism, manipulation ✓

4. All controversial topics or debatable subjects

1. Very detailed videos or comprehensive footage

2. AI-generated fake videos that appear real ✓

3. Deep sea photography or underwater images

4. Philosophical discussions or abstract conversations

1. Be disclosed when it changes meaning or reality ✓

2. Never be done or always prohibited

3. Never be disclosed or always concealed

4. Always be hidden or permanently secret

1. Ignore opposing views or dismiss alternatives

2. Only show one side or single perspective

3. Be transparent about bias, present evidence, acknowledge complexity ✓

4. Exaggerate for effect or dramatic emphasis

1. Is fine if you didn't create it or not original

2. Is impossible to avoid or cannot prevent

3. Doesn't matter if you're not a journalist or non-professional

4. Makes you part of the misinformation problem ✓

1. Different audiences seeing content meant for specific groups ✓

2. Technical errors or system problems

3. Platforms crashing or system failures

4. Losing context in conversations or missing information

1. Not important or irrelevant

2. Including features like captions, alt text, clear language ✓

3. Only for people with disabilities or special needs

4. Too difficult to bother or not worth effort

1. Only for broken links or failed connections

2. Just repeats the caption or duplicates text

3. Describes images for screen readers and accessibility ✓

4. Is never necessary or always optional

1. Only if you change it slightly or minor modification

2. Never okay or always prohibited

3. Always fine or always acceptable

4. When it clearly falls under fair use or is shared with full credit and links ✓

1. Good conversation starters or engaging topics

2. Posts designed to manipulate algorithms with prompts like 'comment your answer' ✓

3. Interesting content or engaging material

4. A fishing technique or angling method

1. Never criticizes anyone or no feedback

2. Focuses on ideas/actions, provides evidence, avoids personal attacks ✓

3. Exaggerates everything or overstates all points

4. Attacks people directly or personal insults

1. Actually helping causes or genuine assistance

2. Public statements showing moral values to appear good rather than create change ✓

3. Being genuinely virtuous or authentically moral

4. Learning about issues or understanding problems

1. Wait until you're calm to share anything or delay posting

2. Verify facts even when emotions are strong ✓

3. Never share emotional content or no feelings

4. Emotions justify sharing anything or feelings permit all

1. Professional equipment only or expensive tools

2. Critical thinking, ethical consideration, and digital skills ✓

3. Large following or big audience

4. Journalism degree or formal education

1. Ignore criticism or dismiss feedback

2. Delete and pretend it didn't happen or conceal error

3. Defend yourself no matter what or always justify

4. Acknowledge it, correct it, and learn from it ✓

1. Only featuring one perspective or single viewpoint

2. Ignoring differences or dismissing diversity

3. Tokenizing minorities or superficial inclusion

4. Including different voices, perspectives, and experiences authentically ✓

1. Never trusting any media or complete distrust

2. Becoming a professional journalist or news reporter

3. Avoiding all social media completely

4. Empowered, thoughtful, ethical participation in media culture ✓

1. Using technology responsibly, ethically, and safely ✓

2. Having a smartphone or mobile device

3. Only for computer experts or technical specialists

4. Using social media daily or frequent online use

1. Your device model or hardware type

2. Your internet connection or network access

3. All the data and content you create online ✓

4. Your typing speed or keyboard proficiency

1. Nothing - just post without consideration

2. Is it funny to me? or personal amusement

3. Will it get likes? or popularity metric

4. Is it true? Is it kind? Is it necessary? Would you want it permanent? ✓

1. Acceptable online behavior or appropriate conduct

2. Only physical bullying or in-person harassment

3. Harmless joking or innocent humor

4. Using digital technology to harass, threaten, or embarrass others ✓

1. Share it with others or distribute content

2. Join in or participate in bullying

3. Don't participate, support the target, report to trusted adults ✓

4. Ignore it completely or dismiss entirely

1. Don't really work or ineffective

2. Are only for adults or mature users

3. Control who can see your content and information ✓

4. Make you completely invisible or total privacy

1. Your interests or hobbies

2. Your opinions or viewpoints

3. Personal info like address, phone number, passwords, location ✓

4. Your favorite color or color preference

1. A type of social media or online platform

2. Fishing for cats or pet activity

3. Normal online behavior or acceptable conduct

4. Creating fake online identities to deceive others ✓

1. Accept everyone or approve all requests

2. Check if you actually know the person and their profile seems genuine ✓

3. Reject everyone or deny all requests

4. Don't check anything or no verification

1. Digital boxing or online fighting

2. Writing documentation or creating guides

3. Playing video games or gaming

4. Publishing private information about someone online without consent ✓

1. Can be easily erased or quickly deleted

2. Colleges, employers, and others search for your online presence ✓

3. Only for famous people or celebrities

4. It doesn't really matter or irrelevant

1. Rules you agree to when using platforms ✓

2. Only for businesses or commercial entities

3. Suggestions you can ignore or optional guidelines

4. Never important or irrelevant

1. They don't affect users or no influence

2. They're completely random or arbitrary

3. They determine what content you see ✓

4. They only block spam or filter unwanted content

1. More friends only or increased connections

2. Privacy loss, safety risks, and reputational damage ✓

3. Better opportunities or improved chances

4. Nothing negative or no consequences

1. Only photos matter or images important

2. Nothing can be saved or no preservation

3. Anything you post can be captured and shared permanently ✓

4. Screenshots are illegal or against the law

1. Long, unique passwords for each account; use password manager ✓

2. Write them publicly or display openly

3. Same password everywhere or identical passwords

4. Share with friends or disclose to others

1. Requires two forms of verification to log in ✓

2. Uses two passwords or dual passwords

3. Only for banks or financial institutions

4. Isn't necessary or optional

1. Fear of Missing Out - drives compulsive social media checking ✓

2. A positive motivation or encouraging factor

3. A social media platform or online network

4. Free Online Media Only or no-cost content

1. Are positive communities or supportive groups

2. Show all perspectives equally or balanced views

3. Teach you about echoes or sound reflections

4. Expose you only to similar views and people ✓

1. Checking constantly or frequent monitoring

2. Setting time limits, being intentional, taking breaks ✓

3. Comparing yourself to others or social comparison

4. Never logging off or always online

1. Never share anything or no distribution

2. Don't check facts or no verification

3. Share everything you see or all content

4. Verify it's true and get permission if it's personal ✓

1. Mass online shaming and boycotting of individuals ✓

2. Unsubscribing from accounts or leaving platforms

3. Canceling subscriptions or ending memberships

4. Deleting posts or removing content

1. Avoiding all screens or no digital devices

2. Using all technology or maximum device use

3. Only about physical health or body wellness

4. Balancing technology use with offline life and mental health ✓

1. Don't engage; report to platform; support targeted individuals ✓

2. Argue back or respond defensively

3. Share it to expose them or publicize content

4. Ignore completely or dismiss entirely

1. Having many followers or large audience

2. Posting whatever you want or unrestricted content

3. Thinking critically, treating others with respect, protecting yourself ✓

4. Using technology constantly or always online

1. Inform you objectively or provide unbiased information

2. Educate consumers or teach buyers

3. Entertain for free or provide amusement

4. Persuade you to buy, support, or do something ✓

1. Only age groups or demographic categories

2. No personal information or anonymous data

3. Your data to show you personalized ads ✓

4. Random selection or arbitrary choice

1. Brands featured within entertainment content ✓

2. Traditional commercials or standard advertisements

3. Where products are sold in stores or retail locations

4. Illegal advertising or prohibited marketing

1. Are always unethical or morally wrong

2. Never work or ineffective

3. Only use facts or objective information

4. Target feelings rather than logic ✓

1. Think carefully before buying or consider decisions

2. Don't follow trends or reject popular choices

3. Be unique and different or stand out

4. Everyone's buying this, you should too ✓

1. Celebrities are experts on everything or all topics

2. We transfer trust/admiration for celebrities to products ✓

3. It's required by law or legal mandate

4. They guarantee quality or ensure excellence

1. Snacks that come with purchases or food items

2. Files that track your online behavior for targeted ads ✓

3. Digital payment methods or electronic transactions

4. Computer viruses or malicious software

1. Traditional TV commercials or broadcast advertisements

2. Radio ads or audio advertisements

3. Billboards or outdoor advertising

4. Uses social media personalities to promote products naturally ✓

1. Clearly disclose when content is sponsored ✓

2. Hide sponsorships or conceal partnerships

3. Only advertise sometimes or occasional promotion

4. Never accept money or refuse payment

1. Reduce prices permanently or lower costs

2. Offer unlimited products or infinite supply

3. Ignore deadlines or no time limits

4. Create urgency with 'limited time' or 'only X left' claims ✓

1. Ask the advertiser or contact marketer

2. Buy immediately or purchase quickly

3. Research the product independently from unbiased sources ✓

4. Trust the ad completely or accept all claims

1. Video commercials or moving advertisements

2. Ads designed to match the look and feel of surrounding content ✓

3. Ads in your native language or local tongue

4. Traditional banner ads or standard display ads

1. Finding new customers or market expansion

2. Improving ad quality or enhancing advertisements

3. Changing target audiences or market shift

4. Ads that follow you after you visit a website ✓

1. Never mentions other brands or no competitor references

2. Compares your product to competitors ✓

3. Is always illegal or against the law

4. Only shows your product or single brand focus

1. Genuine environmental efforts or authentic sustainability

2. Making products seem more environmentally friendly than they are ✓

3. Washing things with green soap or colored cleaning

4. Cleaning up pollution or environmental cleanup

1. Only provide positive messages or optimistic content

2. Are always inappropriate or never acceptable

3. Don't affect decisions or no influence

4. Highlight problems that the product solves ✓

1. Lists all ingredients honestly or complete disclosure

2. Avoids mentioning contents or hides ingredients

3. Uses real magic or actual supernatural power

4. Highlights one special component to seem superior ✓

1. Repeats the main message or restates content

2. Is never important or irrelevant

3. Contains important limitations and conditions ✓

4. Is only for lawyers or legal professionals

1. They don't collect data or no information gathering

2. To target advertising and understand consumer behavior ✓

3. Only for security or protection purposes

4. Because they're nosy or curious

1. They're illegal or against the law

2. They're completely free with no cost or no payment

3. They're always scams or fraudulent

4. If you're not paying, your data/attention is the product ✓

1. Detailed product information or comprehensive details

2. False advertising or deceptive marketing

3. Exaggerated claims not meant to be taken literally ✓

4. Honest, factual statements or truthful claims

1. Recognize persuasion techniques and think critically about needs vs. wants ✓

2. Avoid all products or reject purchases

3. Trust your impulses or follow instincts

4. Buy whatever you see or purchase everything

1. Shows that others buy/use the product to encourage you ✓

2. Proves products work scientifically or research evidence

3. Requires legal proof or court documentation

4. Shows product testing or quality verification

1. Only shows product features or specifications

2. Suggests the product will make you become your ideal self ✓

3. Encourages realistic expectations or practical outlook

4. Targets current satisfaction or present contentment

1. Only buying advertised products or marketed items

2. Trusting all ads or accepting all advertisements

3. Never buying anything or avoiding purchases

4. Understanding persuasion techniques and making informed choices ✓

1. Verifying claims using reliable, independent sources ✓

2. Checking if facts look nice or appearance

3. Only for journalists or news reporters

4. Reading quickly or fast consumption

1. To waste time or consume time unnecessarily

2. Only check sources you don't trust or untrusted sources

3. You shouldn't - trust is enough or no verification needed

4. Everyone makes mistakes; verification prevents spread of errors ✓

1. Only reading headlines or titles

2. Reading very slowly or careful pace

3. Reading sideways or horizontal scanning

4. Leaving a site to verify its credibility elsewhere ✓

1. Peer-reviewed journals and research institutions ✓

2. Social media posts or online content

3. Random blogs or personal websites

4. Celebrity opinions or famous person views

1. Count the ads or number of advertisements

2. Check About page, author credentials, contact info, reputation ✓

3. Just look at the design or visual appearance

4. Check if it's popular or widely shared

1. Any news website or journalism site

2. Social media platforms or online networks

3. Sites dedicated to verifying claims and debunking false information ✓

4. Government websites or official sources

1. Contact information or available contact details

2. Clear date published or visible publication date

3. Professional appearance or polished design

4. No author, sensational claims, poor quality, no sources cited ✓

1. Checking references at end or bibliography

2. Only one source needed or single reference

3. Checking multiple independent sources for the same information ✓

4. Reading while crossing the street or distracted reading

1. Information may be outdated or context may have changed ✓

2. Only for history or historical content

3. To see if it's old or check age

4. Dates don't matter or irrelevant

1. Assume it's true or accept without proof

2. Don't share it; mark it as unverified ✓

3. Make up verification or fabricate confirmation

4. Share it anyway or distribute regardless

1. The most important sources or key references

2. Original, firsthand documents or evidence ✓

3. Always the best or superior quality

4. Only from newspapers or print publications

1. Should never be used or always avoided

2. Are always less important or lower value

3. Are the same as primary or identical

4. Analyze, interpret, or synthesize primary sources ✓

1. Relevant credentials, experience, and expertise in the specific field ✓

2. Strong opinions or firm beliefs

3. Any degree or educational qualification

4. Just fame or celebrity status

1. Find similar pictures only or image matching

2. Nothing useful or no benefit

3. Make images backward or reverse orientation

4. Find original sources and detect manipulated photos ✓

1. Having strong beliefs or firm convictions

2. Getting confirmation from experts or professional validation

3. Only seeking evidence that confirms what you already believe ✓

4. Confirming all facts carefully or thorough verification

1. Believe the one you like or preferred expert

2. Examine their evidence, credentials, and consensus in the field ✓

3. Give up on knowing or abandon understanding

4. Trust the loudest one or most vocal expert

1. Are illegal or against the law

2. Create fake news for humor; clearly labeled as satire ✓

3. Spread lies intentionally or deliberate falsehoods

4. Report real news or factual journalism

1. Always biased or constantly partial

2. Generally more reliable but still require evaluation ✓

3. Should never be used or always avoided

4. Always 100% accurate or completely truthful

1. Identifying where information came from ✓

2. Praising sources or complimenting references

3. Getting a ticket or receiving citation

4. Copying text or duplicating content

1. Be treated with caution unless from reputable journalists ✓

2. Be preferred over named sources or better than identified

3. Always be ignored or dismissed

4. Always be trusted or completely reliable

1. Read by many people or widely reviewed

2. Checked by editors only or editorial review

3. Reviewed by friends or personal acquaintances

4. Evaluated by independent experts before publication ✓

1. Only for students or educational use

2. A good starting point but verify with primary sources ✓

3. Never reliable or always untrustworthy

4. Always perfect or completely accurate

1. It probably is true or likely accurate

2. Believe your emotions or trust feelings

3. Be extra skeptical and verify carefully ✓

4. Share it immediately or distribute quickly

1. Only using computers or digital devices

2. Just knowing how to type or keyboard skills

3. Evaluating online information critically and using technology responsibly ✓

4. Avoiding digital media completely

1. Trust the first source or initial reference

2. Give up on truth or abandon verification

3. Believe what you prefer or desired conclusion

4. Acknowledge uncertainty and continue seeking reliable information ✓

1. A tendency to favor one perspective over others ✓

2. A type of media or communication format

3. Only in fake news or misinformation

4. Always intentional lying or deliberate falsehood

1. All advertising or commercial messages

2. Information designed to promote a specific viewpoint or cause ✓

3. The same as news or journalism

4. Only historical or past events

1. Avoid popular things or reject trends

2. Think for yourself or independent reasoning

3. Be unique and different or stand out

4. Everyone's doing it, so you should too ✓

1. No recognizable people or unknown individuals

2. Only facts and data or objective information

3. Anonymous sources or unidentified people

4. Celebrities or respected figures to endorse ✓

1. Vague, positive-sounding words like 'freedom' and 'justice' ✓

2. Specific, detailed claims or precise statements

3. Negative language or critical terms

4. Technical jargon or specialized terminology

1. Attaching negative labels to opponents ✓

2. Giving compliments or positive feedback

3. Detailed arguments or thorough explanations

4. Using people's real names or actual identities

1. Leaders seem ordinary and relatable ✓

2. People seem extraordinary or exceptional

3. Arguments more logical or rational

4. Everyone look rich or wealthy

1. Changes the topic or shifts subject

2. Transfers money or financial transactions

3. Moves content between platforms or transfers media

4. Associates message with respected symbols ✓

1. Are always unethical or morally wrong

2. Exaggerate threats to motivate action ✓

3. Never work on people or ineffective

4. Only inform about real dangers or actual risks

1. Always being biased or constantly partial

2. Confirming facts carefully or verifying information

3. Seeking information that confirms existing beliefs ✓

4. Asking for confirmation or seeking validation

1. Listening to echoes or sound reflections

2. A room with good acoustics or sound quality

3. A recording studio or audio production space

4. Environment where you only hear views you agree with ✓

1. Uses emotionally charged words to manipulate ✓

2. Is always complicated or complex

3. Has too many words or excessive language

4. Uses neutral, objective terms or unbiased language

1. Selecting only evidence that supports your view ✓

2. Choosing the best sources or quality references

3. Being very selective with facts or careful selection

4. Picking cherries or selecting fruit

1. Presents only two options when more exist ✓

2. An imaginary issue or fictional problem

3. A small disagreement or minor conflict

4. A problem with no solution or unsolvable issue

1. Helping scapegoats or assisting targets

2. Finding real causes or actual reasons

3. Solving problems or addressing issues

4. Blaming problems on one group unfairly ✓

1. Confirms accuracy or verifies truth

2. Provides multiple perspectives or diverse views

3. Shows thorough research or extensive investigation

4. Repeats message until it seems true ✓

1. Putting photos in frames or physical display

2. Creating borders or adding edges

3. How information is presented affects interpretation ✓

4. Only about pictures or images

1. Only read boring things or uninteresting content

2. Never trust feelings or ignore emotions

3. Avoid all emotional content or reject feelings

4. Recognize the emotion being triggered and examine facts separately ✓

1. Splitting things in half or dividing equally

2. Favoring one political side over another ✓

3. Being partial to good journalism or quality reporting

4. Being completely neutral or unbiased

1. They're the same thing or identical

2. Persuasion is always bad or negative

3. Ethical uses honest evidence and respects audience; manipulation deceives ✓

4. Manipulation is honest or truthful

1. Randomly selecting content or arbitrary choice

2. Showing content similar to what you've engaged with before ✓

3. Filtering out all ads or removing advertisements

4. Showing everything equally or balanced display

1. Recognize them, examine evidence, seek other perspectives ✓

2. Immediately believe the opposite or reject automatically

3. Ignore all messages or dismiss content

4. Share it with everyone or distribute widely

1. Helps understanding or improves comprehension

2. Is always positive or favorable

3. Shows accurate representations or truthful depictions

4. Presents oversimplified, often inaccurate group portrayals ✓

1. Recognizing when persuasion techniques are being used ✓

2. Avoiding all media completely

3. Believing nothing or rejecting all content

4. Trusting everything or accepting all information

1. To waste time or consume time unnecessarily

2. To find what you want to hear or confirm beliefs

3. Break out of echo chambers and understand different perspectives ✓

4. Because you must or required obligation

1. To inform the public about recent, important events ✓

2. To entertain people or provide amusement

3. To express opinions or viewpoints

4. To sell products or promote commerce

1. Entertainment reviews or media critiques

2. Celebrity gossip or entertainment news

3. Opinion pieces or editorial content

4. Breaking news, election results, new laws ✓

1. Opinion is always wrong or incorrect

2. News reports facts; opinion expresses viewpoints ✓

3. They're the same thing or identical

4. News is always longer or more extensive

1. Is the same as regular news or standard reporting

2. Just reports what others say or secondhand information

3. Only covers crimes or criminal activity

4. Uncovers hidden information through extensive research ✓

1. A type of fake news or misinformation

2. Starting with least important facts or minor details first

3. Most important information first, details follow ✓

4. Articles get wider at the bottom or expanding format

1. Free from any criticism or no negative feedback

2. Biased toward one side or partial

3. Entertaining above all or primarily amusing

4. Accurate, independent, fair, and transparent ✓

1. Sensational headlines, poor quality, no sources cited ✓

2. Multiple sources cited or well-documented

3. Professional appearance or polished design

4. Clear author name or identified writer

1. Reading from side to side or horizontal scanning

2. Only reading headlines or titles

3. Opening new tabs to verify before reading deeply ✓

4. Reading while lying down or reclining

1. Nothing if it confirms your beliefs or supports views

2. Only if your friends share it or peer recommendation

3. Only how it looks or visual appearance

4. Its reputation, track record, and credibility ✓

1. Multiple independent sources, named experts, verifiable facts ✓

2. Lots of capital letters or emphasis formatting

3. Agrees with your views or confirms beliefs

4. Shared many times or high popularity

1. Selecting good sources or quality references

2. Choosing a writing style or language approach

3. Picking photographs or image selection

4. Choosing which stories to cover and which to ignore ✓

1. Presented as fact or objective reporting

2. Mixed with news articles or combined content

3. Clearly labeled and separated from news ✓

4. Hidden from readers or concealed

1. Getting more clicks or increasing traffic

2. Checking facts from multiple reliable sources ✓

3. Writing quickly or fast production

4. Making stories exciting or dramatic

1. Headlines are never accurate or always wrong

2. Headlines often oversimplify or mislead ✓

3. Reading is boring or uninteresting

4. Headlines always tell the full story or complete information

1. Ads designed to look like news articles ✓

2. Traditional commercials or standard advertisements

3. News about advertising or marketing coverage

4. Advertising in native languages or local tongues

1. Make money only or generate revenue

2. Entertain people or provide amusement

3. Support the government or official positions

4. Inform citizens and hold power accountable ✓

1. It's in a newspaper or print publication

2. Direct, firsthand knowledge of events ✓

3. It's most popular or widely shared

4. It's the first one you find or initial result

1. Neither fact nor opinion or neither category

2. Opinion - 'terrible' is subjective ✓

3. Fact - anyone can see the weather or observable

4. Both fact and opinion or combination

1. Check multiple reliable sources and look for consensus on facts ✓

2. Trust your favorite source only or single reference

3. Give up on finding truth or abandon verification

4. Believe whichever you saw first or initial information

1. Whether it's long or short or article length

2. If it makes you feel good or emotional appeal

3. How many people shared it or popularity metric

4. Source credibility and evidence provided ✓

1. Events happening right now or very recently ✓

2. News that makes you sad or emotional content

3. News that breaks things or damages items

4. The most important news ever or ultimate significance

1. To make articles longer or increase length

2. Because it's required by law or legal mandate

3. To show off knowledge or demonstrate expertise

4. To show where information came from and allow verification ✓

1. Very hot news topics or trending stories

2. News about deserts or arid regions

3. Area with little or no local news coverage ✓

4. Boring news or uninteresting content

1. Who, what, where, when, why, how ✓

2. None - just opinions or no facts

3. Only who and what or limited questions

4. Only where and when or location/time only

1. Bias never appears in news or no bias exists

2. Story selection, language choice, source selection, framing ✓

3. Only headlines or titles

4. Only photos or images

1. Only social media or online platforms

2. Only television or broadcast media

3. Only digital platforms or online media

4. Print, broadcast, and film ✓

1. To entertain people or provide amusement

2. To inform the public about current events ✓

3. To make people angry or provoke emotions

4. To sell products or promote commerce

1. It's always free or no cost

2. It's only for young people or teenagers

3. It has no rules or regulations

4. Users both create and consume content ✓

1. Different media types merging on single platforms ✓

2. Media getting more expensive or increasing costs

3. All media becoming the same or identical

4. Media companies merging or corporate consolidation

1. Only to sell products or promote commerce

2. Only to inform or provide information

3. All of these: inform, persuade, entertain, sell ✓

4. Only to entertain or provide amusement

1. Broadcast media or television/radio

2. Social media or online platforms

3. Digital-only media or online content

4. Print media or physical publications ✓

1. It's free or no cost to use

2. It has many users or large audience

3. It's fun or enjoyable to use

4. Interactive, participatory, many-to-many communication ✓

1. Billboards or outdoor advertising

2. Newspapers or print publications

3. Television or broadcast video

4. Radio shows ✓

1. Television or major news websites ✓

2. Local newsletter or community publication

3. Private messaging or direct communication

4. Personal blog or individual website

1. Ads for local products or regional advertising

2. Traditional commercials or standard advertisements

3. Ads designed to look like regular content ✓

4. Advertising in your native language or local tongue

1. Only the cost or price of production

2. Only the creator or author

3. How the message is received and understood ✓

4. Nothing - only content matters or no medium effect

1. Provide social networking or connection features

2. Sell products directly or e-commerce

3. Inform about news or current events

4. Entertain with on-demand content ✓

1. Users pay monthly fees or subscription model

2. Government funding or public support

3. They don't make money or no revenue

4. Free for users, revenue from advertising ✓

1. They don't affect your feed or no influence

2. They show everything chronologically or time order

3. They're completely random or no pattern

4. They curate what you see based on your behavior ✓

1. News reporting or journalism

2. Content creators promoting products on their channels ✓

3. Traditional TV commercials or broadcast ads

4. Government campaigns or public service

1. When algorithms only show you similar viewpoints ✓

2. A water purification system or filtration device

3. A privacy setting or security option

4. A photography effect or image filter

1. It's less credible or trustworthy

2. It's harder to read or more difficult

3. It's always more expensive or costly

4. It's not immediate and can't be easily updated ✓

1. Radio show or audio broadcast

2. Tweet or social media post

3. Billboard or outdoor advertisement

4. Video tutorial ✓

1. Content created by computers or automated systems

2. Content created by regular users, not professionals ✓

3. Content that costs money or paid content

4. Professional journalism or news reporting

1. TikTok or video sharing platform

2. Instagram or photo sharing platform

3. LinkedIn ✓

4. Snapchat or messaging platform

1. Changing your target audience or market shift

2. Ads that follow you after visiting a website ✓

3. Advertising to the same people twice or repetition

4. Finding new customers or market expansion

1. Real-time communication or instant messaging

2. Quick updates or brief information

3. Breaking news or current events

4. Deep, detailed exploration of topics ✓

1. They're always funny or humorous

2. They're all short or brief duration

3. They're always free or no cost

4. Portable, on-demand, and can be consumed while multitasking ✓

1. Different media reach different audiences in different ways ✓

2. All media is the same now or identical

3. Traditional media is dead or obsolete

4. Only one type of media matters or single format

1. Only what's most popular or trending

2. Only what you like or personal preference

3. Your purpose, audience, and resources ✓

4. Only what's cheapest or lowest cost

1. Only the ability to read or basic literacy

2. The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, create, and act using media ✓

3. Understanding television only or broadcast media

4. Knowing how to use social media or online platforms

1. It makes you watch more TV or consume more content

2. It teaches you to avoid all media completely

3. It helps you think critically about media messages and resist manipulation ✓

4. It helps you become famous online or gain popularity

1. 10-50 or very few advertisements

2. 4,000-10,000 ✓

3. 500-1,000 or moderate number

4. 100-200 or relatively few

1. Who created this message? or authorship question

2. How much did this cost to make? or production cost ✓

3. Why was this created? or purpose question

4. What techniques are used to attract attention? or methods question

1. Believing everything you see or accepting all content

2. Avoiding all media completely or no engagement

3. Only consuming news or news media only

4. Being an active, critical participant in media culture ✓

1. Only newspapers or print media

2. Only television or broadcast media

3. All of the above: TV, social media, and books ✓

4. Only the internet or digital platforms

1. To create media or produce content

2. To break down and examine how media messages work ✓

3. To share media with friends or distribute content

4. To watch media carefully or view attentively

1. Get more followers or increase social media presence

2. Separate truth from fiction ✓

3. Win arguments online or succeed in debates

4. Avoid homework or escape academic work

1. True information or accurate facts

2. Only news articles or journalism

3. All information online or digital content

4. False information spread unintentionally ✓

1. Creator ✓

2. Professional or career person

3. Celebrity or famous person

4. Expert or specialist

1. When was this published? or timing question

2. Why was this created? ✓

3. Where was this made? or location question

4. Who will see this? or audience question

1. True - both protect people or safeguard individuals

2. False - but they're similar or related concepts

3. True - both limit media access or restrict content

4. False - media literacy is about critical thinking, not banning media ✓

1. Judge the quality and credibility of media ✓

2. Count how many people like it or measure popularity

3. Measure the length or duration

4. Determine the cost or price

1. Only our shopping habits or purchasing decisions

2. Only our entertainment choices or leisure preferences

3. Nothing important or no significant impact

4. How we see ourselves, others, and the world ✓

1. Critical thinking skills or analytical abilities

2. Guaranteed popularity online or assured social media success ✓

3. Informed decision-making or educated choices

4. Resistance to manipulation or protection from influence

1. How many likes does it have? or popularity metric

2. Is it entertaining? or enjoyable content

3. Is it short? or brief content

4. Who created this and why? ✓

1. Rich or wealthy through media skills

2. Famous or well-known on social platforms

3. A professional journalist or news reporter

4. An informed, empowered participant ✓

1. Celebrity endorsement or famous person support

2. Secret meaning or hidden message

3. Purpose and point of view ✓

4. Hidden code or concealed information

1. AI-generated fake videos that look real ✓

2. High-quality cameras or advanced equipment

3. Very deep ocean photography or underwater images

4. 3D movies or three-dimensional films

1. You don't need to be if you're smart or intelligent

2. It's only for gullible people or easily deceived

3. Media influences everyone, often unconsciously ✓

4. To impress teachers or educators

1. Your internet speed or connection rate

2. The trail of data you leave online ✓

3. How fast you type or typing speed

4. Your shoe size in digital format or electronic measurement

1. Only consume media or view content

2. Only share funny videos or humorous content

3. Avoid all social media completely

4. Create media responsibly ✓

1. Most teenagers, according to studies ✓

2. Almost none or very few

3. It's impossible to measure or cannot be tracked

4. Only a few or small number

1. Media has real-world consequences on society ✓

2. Everyone else does it or peer pressure

3. It makes you popular or increases social status

4. It's required by law or legal requirement

1. Never trust any media or distrust all content

2. Become paranoid about everything or overly suspicious

3. Be thoughtful, critical, and empowered in media engagement ✓

4. Only believe what you want or selective acceptance

1. Only sentence length

2. The way you express ideas through language ✓

3. Only punctuation

4. Only grammar rules

1. Number of pages

2. Font size

3. Paper color

4. The writer's attitude toward subject and audience ✓

1. Lots of slang

2. No contractions, sophisticated vocabulary, objectivity ✓

3. Texting abbreviations

4. Very casual language

1. Social media posts

2. Academic essays, business letters, research papers ✓

3. Friendly emails

4. Text messages to friends

1. Legal terminology only

2. No personal pronouns

3. Contractions, slang, first person, casual tone ✓

4. Only complex sentences

1. The dictionary definition of a word ✓

2. Tone or attitude

3. Emotional associations

4. Style or manner

1. Spelling

2. Dictionary definition

3. Emotional associations and implied meanings ✓

4. Grammar rules

1. the same

2. no connotation

3. more positive ✓

4. more negative

1. It's always longer

2. It creates vivid, clear images ✓

3. It's more confusing

4. It uses bigger words

1. Formal language

2. New, creative phrases

3. Technical terms

4. Overused expressions that have lost impact ✓

1. Always appropriate

2. Everyday language

3. Slang

4. Specialized vocabulary for specific fields ✓

1. Using big vocabulary

2. Writing long essays

3. Using specific language

4. Using more words than necessary ✓

1. Confusing readers

2. Being more precise and vivid than weak verbs ✓

3. Making sentences longer

4. Being harder to spell

1. How loud you read

2. Your unique personality and style ✓

3. Only for fiction

4. Unchangeable

1. Use complicated words always

2. Copy other writers exactly

3. Never revise

4. Read widely, write regularly, be authentic ✓

1. Ignoring who will read it

2. Adjusting language level and formality to readers ✓

3. Only using formal language

4. Using same style always

1. Only font choice

2. Tone, vocabulary, and structure choices ✓

3. Only paper size

4. Nothing—write same always

1. No punctuation at all

2. Only questions

3. Long, flowing sentences

4. Short sentences, exclamation points, imperative mood ✓

1. Slang and jokes

2. Exclamation points everywhere

3. Formal language, longer sentences, objective details ✓

4. Casual vocabulary

1. Long technical terms

2. Completely formal language

3. Playful language, unexpected word choices, exaggeration ✓

4. Only factual statements

1. Negative words

2. Positive vocabulary, hopeful outlook, encouraging language ✓

3. Complaints

4. Gloomy predictions

1. Never varying sentences

2. Using same word repeatedly

3. Only one paragraph length

4. Maintaining same formality level and perspective ✓

1. Use only formal vocabulary always

2. Always use longest words

3. Choose precise words appropriate for audience and purpose ✓

4. Never use short words

1. Use only simple sentences

2. Never change anything

3. Strengthen verbs, remove wordiness, vary sentences ✓

4. Make everything longer

1. Always formal and complex

2. Focused only on big words

3. Always informal and simple

4. Clear, appropriate, engaging, and purposeful ✓

1. mine

2. me

3. I ✓

4. myself

1. All three mean exactly the same

2. Their = location

3. There = possession

4. They're = they are (contraction) ✓

1. it's

2. its ✓

3. it

4. its'

1. You

2. Youre

3. Your

4. You're ✓

1. Whos

2. Whose ✓

3. Who's

4. Whom

1. to'

2. to ✓

3. two

4. too

1. than ✓

2. them

3. that

4. then

1. effects

2. effect

3. affects

4. affect ✓

1. accept ✓

2. expect

3. except

4. excepts

1. loose ✓

2. lost

3. loss

4. lose

1. principle ✓

2. principals

3. principal

4. principles

1. Should be 'could would'

2. Should be 'could have' ✓

3. Nothing wrong

4. Should be 'could off'

1. be

2. were

3. is ✓

4. are

1. they

2. them

3. his or her (or their) ✓

4. its

1. A very short sentence

2. A compound sentence

3. A sentence with commas

4. Incomplete sentence lacking subject, verb, or complete thought ✓

1. Two independent clauses joined incorrectly ✓

2. A very long sentence

3. A sentence with many commas

4. A fragment

1. A type of fragment

2. Joining independent clauses with only a comma ✓

3. Using too many commas

4. Cutting words with comma

1. Double negative—use 'any' ✓

2. Should be 'no'

3. Nothing wrong

4. Should be 'none'

1. well ✓

2. goods

3. goodly

4. good

1. badness

2. badly

3. badder

4. bad ✓

1. realer

2. reals

3. real

4. really ✓

1. All gifts are free by definition ✓

2. Nothing redundant

3. 'Gift' is redundant

4. Should be 'gifts free'

1. 'Past' adds emphasis

2. Nothing redundant

3. All history is past by definition ✓

4. 'History' is redundant

1. Never reread at all

2. Read aloud and check one error type at a time ✓

3. Only use spell-check

4. Read backwards only

1. me ✓

2. mine

3. I

4. myself

1. Comma

2. Exclamation point

3. Question mark

4. Period ✓

1. Period

2. Semicolon

3. Question mark ✓

4. Exclamation point

1. At the end of every sentence

2. Never in formal writing

3. Only in questions

4. For strong emotion or urgent commands ✓

1. Verb and object

2. Any two words

3. Items in a series of three or more ✓

4. Subject and verb

1. Between any two items

2. Before 'and' in a series ✓

3. After 'and' in a series

4. Never used at all

1. Before the coordinating conjunction ✓

2. After the coordinating conjunction

3. Never use commas

4. Anywhere in the sentence

1. Every verb

2. All nouns

3. Introductory dependent clauses ✓

4. Independent clauses

1. No punctuation at all

2. Periods

3. Commas ✓

4. Question marks

1. Only in questions

2. Never with names

3. 'Maria, can you help me?' ✓

4. Only at sentence end

1. Nothing wrong at all

2. Comma splice—need conjunction or semicolon ✓

3. Missing question mark

4. Too many commas

1. Dependent clauses only

2. Items in any list

3. Subjects and verbs

4. Closely related independent clauses ✓

1. Lists, explanations, or examples ✓

2. Questions only

3. Dependent clauses

4. All sentences

1. Possession or contractions ✓

2. Plurals

3. Questions

4. Exclamations

1. cats' (plural possessive)

2. cat's (singular possessive) ✓

3. cat (singular)

4. cats (plural)

1. Use parentheses

2. Add nothing

3. Add 's: students's

4. Add only apostrophe: students' ✓

1. It's ✓

2. It

3. Its

4. Its'